What are phthalates

Phthalates are diesters of phthalic acids, a family of man-made industrial chemicals extensively used since the early 20th century as softeners of plastics, solvents in perfumes, and additives to hairsprays and lubricants and as insect repellents ¹⁾. Phthalates are a class of manufactured chemicals commonly used to increase the flexibility of plastics in a wide array of consumer products. Phthalates that are high-molecular weight, butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and mixtures of di-n-octyl phthalates (DnOP), are most well-known for their use as plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials such as food packaging, flooring, and medical devices ²⁾. More than 470 million pounds of phthalates are produced or imported in the United States each year ³⁾. By far the most common use of phthalates is in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products ⁴⁾. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the second most commonly used plastic in the world, and is present in pipes and tubing, construction materials, packaging, electrical wiring, and thousands of consumer goods ⁵⁾. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is used primarily as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and can therefore be found in a variety of products such as floor and wall coverings, vinyl gloves, toys, child care articles, food packaging materials, and medical devices ⁶⁾. After absorption, the parent diester phthalates are rapidly hydrolyzed to the corresponding monoesters, some of which are then further metabolized, with the metabolites excreted in urine and feces. In humans, phthalates are eliminated mostly within hours, with excretion complete by a day or two; half-lives in the body are in hours ⁷⁾. For phthalates with short alkyl chains, monoesters represent the major human metabolite, but in the case of phthalates with long alkyl chains, including DEHP, diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), the monoesters are further metabolized via ω- and ω-1-oxidation of the aliphatic side chain ⁸⁾.

Table 1. Phthalate parent compounds and their metabolites

Phthalate name	Abbreviation	Urinary metabolite	Abbreviation
Dimethyl phthalate	DMP	Mono-n-methyl phthalate	MnMP
Diethyl phthalate	DEP	Mono-ethyl phthalate	MEP
Di-isobutyl phthalate	DiBP	Mono-isobutyl phthalate	MiBP
Di-n-butyl phthalate	DnBP	Mono-n-butyl phthalate	MnBP
Di-n-octyl phthalate	DnOP	Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate	MCPP
Di-isononyl phthalate	DiNP	Mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate	MCOP
Di-isodecyl phthalate	DiDP	Mono-carboxynonyl phthalate	MCNP
Benzylbutyl phthalate	BzBP	Mono-benzyl phthalate	MBzP
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate	DEHP	Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate	MEHP
		Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate	MEHHP
		Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate	MEOHP
		Mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate	MECPP

[Source ⁹⁾]

Phthalates are or have been used in wall coverings, tablecloths, floor tiles, furniture upholstery, carpet backings, shower curtains, garden hoses, rainwear, pesticides, some toys, shoes, automobile upholstery, food packaging, medical tubing, and blood storage bags ¹⁰⁾. Phthalates are not strongly bound in these products and can therefore leach out ¹¹⁾. Some phthalates are also present in cosmetics, nail polish, hair products, skin care products, and some medications ¹²⁾.  In recent years, di-nonyl phthalate (DiNP) and di-decyl phthalate (DiDP) have increasingly replaced DEHP in these applications ¹³⁾. Alternatively, low-molecular weight phthalates, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), are primarily added to cosmetics and personal care products as solvents, fixatives and adhesives ¹⁴⁾. Due to non-covalent bonds between the phthalate chemicals and their parent materials, there can be significant leaching and volatilization leading to environmental contamination and thus ubiquitous exposures in the general population. In fact, a recent report showed that metabolite biomarkers of eight major phthalates have been detected in 89% to 98% of the United States (US) population ¹⁵⁾.

Phthalates are used in many consumer products, including:

• Cosmetics and personal care products
• Plastic and vinyl toys
• Shower curtains
• Miniblinds and wallpaper
• Vinyl flooring
• Raincoats
• Food packaging and wraps
• Detergents
• Adhesives
• Plastic pipes
• Medical equipment and devices
• Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics

Phthalates commonly enter(s) the body through:

• Ingestion (swallowing): Eating food or water packaged in plastic, or drinking water contaminated with phthalates; for children, chewing on soft vinyl toys or products made with phthalates
• Inhalation (breathing): Breathing dust in rooms with plastic miniblinds, wallpaper, or flooring that contain phthalates
• Skin contact: Touching or using products made with phthalates

For most phthalates, the major route of exposure is food ingestion ¹⁶⁾. However, personal care product use and inhalation are major routes of exposure for certain phthalates ¹⁷⁾. Some phthalates have been found at higher levels in fatty foods such as dairy products, fish, seafood, and oils ¹⁸⁾. Phthalates in a mother’s body can enter her breast milk. Ingestion of that breast milk and infant formula containing phthalates may also contribute to infant phthalate exposure ¹⁹⁾. The phthalates that may be present in dust can be ingested by infants and children through hand-to-mouth activities ²⁰⁾. Finally, infants and small children can be exposed to phthalates by sucking on toys and objects made with phthalate-containing plastics ²¹⁾.

Other minor routes of phthalate exposure include inhalation, drinking contaminated water, and absorption through the skin ²²⁾. Phthalates can be released in small amounts to the air people breathe inside homes or schools from the many consumer products that contain them ²³⁾. People living near phthalate-producing factories or hazardous waste sites may be exposed to phthalates released into the air or ground water where they live ²⁴⁾. Individuals may be exposed to phthalates during the use of many personal care products containing phthalates, such as hair products, cosmetics, and lotions ²⁵⁾. Phthalates in these products may be absorbed through contact with the skin or may be inhaled if some of the product is present in the air. In addition, certain medical devices, such as intravenous tubing or flexible bags containing blood, medications, or nutritional products, contain phthalates. These can be a source of phthalate exposure to children and women of child-bearing age when the tubing or bags are used to administer medications, nutritional products, or blood to the individual. This can be a very significant route of exposure, especially for premature infants in intensive care units ²⁶⁾.

Phthalate exposures, assessed from urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites (i.e., breakdown products), appear to be higher for children compared with adolescents and adults. Studies of phthalate metabolites in children’s urine are limited, but the few that have been published have found children’s urinary phthalate metabolite levels to be higher than levels in adults and to decrease with age (i.e., younger children had more phthalate metabolites in their urine than older children did) ²⁷⁾. The exception is monoethyl phthalate (MEP), a metabolite of diethyl phthalate, which has been found to be present in higher levels in adult urine compared with children’s urine ²⁸⁾. Levels of monoethyl phthalate (MEP) are most likely associated with use of consumer products that contain diethyl phthalate, such as detergents, soaps, cosmetics, shampoos, and perfumes ²⁹⁾.

Phthalates health effects

Some phthalates are suspected endocrine disruptors ³⁰⁾. Endocrine disruptors act by interfering with the biosynthesis, secretion, action, or metabolism of naturally occurring hormones ³¹⁾. Given the importance of hormones in human physiology, there is concern in the scientific community over the potential for endocrine disruptors to adversely affect children’s health, particularly in reproduction, development, and behavior. Male laboratory animals exposed to high doses of some phthalates have been known to display elements of “phthalate syndrome,” which includes infertility, decreased sperm count, cryptorchidism (undescended testes), hypospadias (malformation of the penis in which the urethra does not open at the tip of the organ), and other reproductive tract malformations ³²⁾. A number of animal studies have reported associations between exposure to certain phthalates and changes in male hormone production, altered sexual differentiation, and changes to reproductive organs, including hypospadias ³³⁾. These findings in animal studies, although typically occurring at exposure levels much higher than what the general population may be exposed to, suggest a potential concern for health effects in children as well. The National Research Council has concluded that prenatal exposure to certain phthalates produces reproductive tract abnormalities in male rats, and also concluded that the same effects could plausibly occur in humans ³⁴⁾.

There are only a limited number of human studies looking at the relationship between phthalate exposure and hormonal and reproductive health changes. In one study, prenatal exposure to some phthalates (DEP, diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and DEHP) at typical U.S. population levels was associated with changes in physical measures of the distance between the anus and the genitals (anogenital distance) in male infants, a marker of androgenization ³⁵⁾. A shorter anogenital distance has been associated with decreased fertility in animal experiments ³⁶⁾ and a recent human study reported that a shorter anogenital distance in men was associated with decreased semen quality and low sperm count ³⁷⁾. Another study reported an association between increased concentrations of phthalate metabolites in breast milk and altered reproductive hormone levels in newborn boys. The same study did not find an association between breast milk phthalate metabolite concentrations and cryptorchidism ³⁸⁾.

Exposure to some phthalates has been associated with neurodevelopmental problems in children in some studies. Two studies of a group of New York City children ages 4 to 9 years reported associations between prenatal exposure to certain phthalates and behavioral deficits, including effects on attention, conduct, and social behaviors ³⁹⁾. Studies conducted in South Korea of children ages 8 to 11 years reported that children with higher levels of certain phthalate metabolites in their urine were more inattentive and hyperactive, displayed more symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and had lower IQ compared with those who had lower levels ⁴⁰⁾. The exposure levels in these studies are comparable to typical exposures in the U.S. population.

A handful of studies have reported associations between prenatal exposure to some phthalates and preterm birth, shorter gestational length, and low birth weight ⁴¹⁾; however, one study reported phthalate exposure to be associated with longer gestational length and increased risk of delivery by Cesarean section ⁴²⁾.

In adult populations, various epidemiological studies support an association between phthalate exposure and markers of testicular function in men, particularly decreased semen quality ⁴³⁾. There is also evidence linking endometriosis in women with high phthalate metabolite levels ⁴⁴⁾. Increases in waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) have been linked to DEHP, BzBP, DBP and DEP exposure in men and DEP exposure in adolescent and adult females ⁴⁵⁾. One of the replacements for the DEHP, DiNP, has recently been designated as a carcinogen in the State of California ⁴⁶⁾.

Finally, some researchers have hypothesized that phthalate exposure in homes may contribute to asthma and allergies in children. Two research groups have conducted studies, primarily in Europe, and reported associations between surrogates for potential phthalate exposure in the home and risk of asthma and allergies in children ⁴⁷⁾. Examples of the exposure indicators and outcomes considered in these studies include an association between some phthalates in surface dust and increased risk of runny nose, eczema, and asthma ⁴⁸⁾ and increased risk of bronchial obstruction associated with the presence of PVC in the home ⁴⁹⁾.

In 2006, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) concluded that there is “concern” for effects on reproductive tract development in male infants less than one year old exposed to DEHP. In addition, the National Toxicology Program also concluded that there is “some concern” (the midpoint on a five-level scale ranging from “negligible” to “serious” concern) for effects on reproductive tract development in male children older than one year old exposed to DEHP, and also that there is “some concern” for effects of prenatal DEHP exposure on reproductive tract development in males ⁵⁰⁾. Concern was greater for males exposed to high levels of DEHP in the womb or early in life. These conclusions were based primarily on findings from animal studies, as human data are limited and were determined to be insufficient for evaluating the reproductive effects of DEHP ⁵¹⁾. Some studies have also reported associations of DEHP exposure with increased risk of asthma and bronchial obstruction, increased risk of ADHD symptoms, and altered pregnancy durations ⁵²⁾. Human health studies have reported associations between exposures to DBP and altered reproductive hormone levels in newborn boys, and shifts in thyroid hormone levels in pregnant women ⁵³⁾. Signs of feminization in young boys (as measured by reduced anogenital distance), altered hormone levels in newborn boys, and increased risk of rhinitis and eczema are health effects that have been associated with BBzP exposure in some studies ⁵⁴⁾. The exposure levels in these studies are comparable to typical exposures in the U.S. population. It is important to note that while the following indicators present data on individual phthalate metabolites, evidence suggests that exposures to multiple phthalates may contribute to common adverse outcomes. The National Research Council has concluded that multiple phthalates may act cumulatively to adversely impact male reproductive development ⁵⁵⁾.

Phthalates in food

Given the increasing scientific evidence base linking phthalate exposure with harmful health outcomes, it is important to understand major sources of exposure. A recent and well-designed study by Koch et al. ⁵⁶⁾ that monitored urinary phthalate excretion in individuals fasting for 48 hours, found that diet was the most significant pathway for exposures to DEHP, DiNP and DiDP while DMP, DEP, DiBP, DnBP and BBzP were primarily linked to non-food exposures. According to a review by Cao ⁵⁷⁾, phthalates can migrate into food from plasticized PVC materials such as tubing typically used in the milking process, lid gaskets, food-packaging films, gloves used in the preparation of foods, and conveyor belts. These compounds are also found in printing inks and adhesives on food wrappers as well as coatings on cookware that have been contaminated by packaging ⁵⁸⁾. Foods high in fat are contaminated by higher weight phthalates that are more lipophilic such as DEHP ⁵⁹⁾. In the United States, phthalates have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as plasticizers in food packaging materials and food contact substances used during processing and storage while the European Commission and Chinese authorities have limited phthalates in food contact materials made of plastic since 2008–2009 ⁶⁰⁾. Thus, there can be substantial variability in phthalate concentrations within food groups based on the region of food production, processing practices, presence and type of packaging and lipid content ⁶¹⁾. With an ever increasing global market, phthalate contamination is a food safety issue that crosses international borders. Dietary phthalate exposure assessment has become a topic of great interest given the significance of the dietary pathway and health impacts associated with the specific phthalate species found in food.

The review of the literature revealed that poultry, some dairy products (cream) and fats are routinely contaminated with high concentrations of DEHP than other foods ⁶²⁾. Milk, yogurt, eggs, fruits, vegetables, pasta, noodles, rice, beverages and water were found to contain low concentrations of phthalates as a whole ⁶³⁾.

Foods with High DEHP Concentrations (>300 μg/kg)

• Poultry
• Cream
• Cooking Oils/Fats

Foods with Low DEHP Concentrations (<50 μg/kg)

• Yogurt, Eggs
• Pasta, Rice, Noodles
• Fruits/vegetables
• Beverages

Given the chemistry of high molecular weight phthalates like DEHP, higher concentrations in lipid rich foods were expected. There was significant variability in concentration observed between dairy products based on typical fat content. Among the dairy products tested, cream and cheese were more heavily contaminated across studies in comparison to yogurt ⁶⁴⁾. Poultry consistently had higher phthalate content than other meats, however it is unclear what factors impacted these results since details as to the fat content of products was not always reported. Noteworthy, phthalates in non-fatty foods including bread and cereal products were observed in variable concentrations. This is of importance since two recent studies conducted in Belgium ⁶⁵⁾ and Germany ⁶⁶⁾ reported bread as a significant source of DEHP and highest contributor to total exposures in the general adolescent and adult population at 31.4% and 14.06%, respectively. Sources of contamination may be present in the processing of grains, though this is unclear. As a whole, food monitoring data also suggests that the consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with limited phthalate exposures. However, processed fruit and vegetable products found in jars appear to contribute to greater exposures given the high concentrations reported.

Figure 1. Phthalates exposures through diet per capita

[Source ⁶⁷⁾]

As expected, the epidemiology literature reported that dairy products, meats and discretionary fat intake, in fact, were associated with increases in DEHP urinary metabolite levels in adolescent and adult populations. Furthermore, consumption of these products were found to be associated with MnBP levels in one epidemiology study and elimination of some of these products from the diet (dairy and meat) led to a decrease in MnBP and DEHP metabolites in the Temple Stay intervention ⁶⁸⁾. It is important to note that although results from Ji and others suggest that discontinuing meat and dairy from the diet may be largely responsible for decreases in metabolite levels, there may have been other factors in the environment that impacted results since details of the diet as well as daily practices in the Temple Stay program were not available ⁶⁹⁾. It is possible that decreases in low molecular weight phthalates, given their primary source, could be attributed to reduced use of personal care products rather than changes in the diet ⁷⁰⁾.

Results between food monitoring and epidemiological data were not completely consistent. Two epidemiology studies reported an association between fish consumption and MiBP; however the food monitoring data did not support this result as all DiBP levels in seafood were found to be low across studies. Additionally, increased levels of MMP (a metabolite of DMP) were associated with consumption of fruit while the food monitoring data did not show DMP at significant levels for this food group ⁷¹⁾. Finally, Colacino et al. ⁷²⁾ as well as Trasande et al. ⁷³⁾ reported positive associations between vegetables and MEP. However, the food monitoring data does not support this finding and two other epidemiology studies ⁷⁴⁾, ⁷⁵⁾ suggest that diets with high consumption of fruits and vegetables may be associated with decreases in DEP exposure.

Phthalates in cosmetics

Historically, the primary phthalates used in cosmetic products have been dibutylphthalate (DBP), used as a plasticizer in products such as nail polishes (to reduce cracking by making them less brittle); dimethylphthalate (DMP), used in hair sprays (to help avoid stiffness by allowing them to form a flexible film on the hair); and diethylphthalate (DEP), used as a solvent and fixative in fragrances. According to FDA’s latest survey of cosmetics, conducted in 2010, DBP and DMP are now used rarely. DEP is the only phthalate still commonly used in cosmetics ⁷⁶⁾.

In 2002, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel ⁷⁷⁾ reaffirmed its original conclusion (reached in 1985), finding that DBP, DMP, and DEP were safe as used in cosmetic products. Looking at maximum known concentrations of these ingredients in cosmetics, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel ⁷⁸⁾ evaluated phthalate exposure and toxicity data, and conducted a safety assessment for dibutylphthalate in cosmetic products. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel ⁷⁹⁾ found that exposures to phthalates from cosmetics were low compared to levels that would cause adverse effects in animals. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel is an industry-sponsored organization that reviews cosmetic ingredient safety and publishes its results in open, peer-reviewed literature. The FDA participates in Cosmetic Ingredient Review on a non-voting basis and may or may not accept Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel findings ⁸⁰⁾.

The FDA reviewed the safety and toxicity data for phthalates, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data from 2001 ⁸¹⁾, as well as the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel ⁸²⁾ conclusions based on reviews in 1985 and 2002. While the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report noted elevated levels of phthalates excreted by women of child-bearing age, neither this report nor the other data reviewed by FDA established an association between the use of phthalates in cosmetic products and a health risk. Based on this information, FDA determined that there wasn’t a sound, scientific basis to support taking regulatory action against cosmetics containing phthalates ⁸³⁾.

The FDA continues to monitor levels of phthalates in cosmetic products. The FDA have developed an analytical method for determining the levels of phthalates in cosmetic products and conducted surveys of products to determine these levels in cosmetics on the market.

What we know about infant exposure to phthalates

Infants, like all consumers, are exposed daily to phthalates from a number of sources, including air, drugs, food, plastics, water, and cosmetics.

The American Academy of Pediatrics has published an article stating that infants exposed to infant care products, specifically baby shampoos, baby lotions, and baby powder, showed increased levels of phthalate metabolites in their urine ⁸⁴⁾.

Like the CDC report, this study did not establish an association between these findings and any health effects. In addition, levels of phthalates, if any, in the infant care products were not determined.

The FDA included 24 children’s products intended for infants and children in the survey we completed in 2006, and nearly 50 products for infants and children in the survey we completed in 2010. What the FDA have learned was that the use of phthalates in cosmetics intended for people of all ages, including infants and children, has decreased considerably since the surveys began in 2004.

How to know if there are phthalates in the cosmetics you use

Under the authority of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, the FDA requires an ingredient declaration on cosmetic products sold at the retail level to consumers. Consumers can tell whether some products contain phthalates by reading the ingredient declaration on the labels of such products.

However, the regulations do not require the listing of the individual fragrance ingredients; therefore, the consumer will not be able to determine from the ingredient declaration if phthalates are present in a fragrance. Also, because the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act does not apply to products used exclusively by professionals–for example, in salons–the requirement for an ingredient declaration does not apply to these products. Based on available safety information, DEP does not pose known risks for human health as it is currently used in cosmetics and fragrances. Consumers who nevertheless do not want to purchase cosmetics containing DEP may wish to choose products that do not include “Fragrance” in the ingredient listing.

Results of FDA’s 2010 Survey of Cosmetics for Phthalate Content

The products listed below represent a sample of cosmetics on the market at the time the survey was conducted, and products may have been reformulated since then. This survey was intended to monitor trends in the use of phthalates in cosmetics, not as a comprehensive analysis of all cosmetics on the market. The law does not require cosmetic firms to file their formulations with FDA. Also, note that some so-called “personal care products,” such as diaper creams and nipple creams, are regulated as drugs, or in some cases both cosmetics and drugs.

Table 2. 2010 Survey of Cosmetics for Phthalate Content

Product Type	Brand	Lot #	Phthalates (ppm)
			DMP	DEP	DBP
Nail Polish	Pure Ice – Spit Fire	991CP
	Dora the Explorer Mega Nail Polish Kit – Townley	WO90817
	Scherer Nail Polish CQ #143 Cabernet	Not visible
	Rimmel Lycra Wear 10 Days Nail Polish #303 Vintage	732318
	In a New York Color Minute 224B	8MBCK
	Sally Hansen Diamond Strength #45 Fuchsia	8MSHK
	Hard Candy Just Nails (Glitter)	9226
	Petites Pink Crush 270 – CQ	Not visible
	Revlon Nail Enamel Red Hot Tamale 908	Not visible
	Maybelline Express Finish Grape Times 608	WF224
	Nicole by OPI Razzle Dazzler	09295AAG
	Scherer Nail Polish CQ #107 Crystal Clear	Not visible
	LA Colors Nail Lacquer Red Stilettos CBLQ 389	Not visible
	LA Colors Art Deco Polish Silver Glitter CBNA 502	Not visible
	LA Colors Nail Hardener-Strengthener	9796
	Hot Topic Nail Polish Black	Not visible
	Hot Topic Nail Polish Green	Not visible
	Hot Topic Nail Polish Purple	Not visible
	Hot Topic Nail Polish (Skull) Green	Not visible			4,800
	Hot Topic Nail Polish (Skull) Black	Not visible			4.4
	Hot Topic Nail Polish (Skull) Yellow	Not visible			4
	Simple Pleasures Nail Polish “Peace” (Glitter)	Not visible
	Simple Pleasures Nail Polish “Love” (Pink)	Not visible
	WetnWild Wild Shine 410A	918201
	Sinful Colors Professional Nail Polish Enamel Pinky Glitter 830	Not visible
	Sinful Colors Under 18	Not visible
	Borghese Nail Lacquer Vernis Botticelli Nude	6KXJKC			3.4
	Sally Hansen High Definition 04 (Green)	9MHYK
	Cover Girl Boundless Base Coat Nail Color Red Revolution 553	7239HV
	Cover Girl Boundless Base Coat Nail Color Gold Rush 415	9139HV
	Sally Hansen Hard As Nails Xtreme Wear Hot Magenta 03	6MTXK
	Sally Hansen Salon Lacquer Nail Polish Orange You Cute? 450	8JFDK			6.6
	Sally Hansen Insta-Dri Rose-a-go-go 06	AKVDKN
	Sally Hansen Diamond Strength 33 Champagne Toast	8M8OK
	Avon Nailwear Pro Nail Enamel Polish Midnight Plum	VEK19
Skin Cream and Lotion	Red Velvet Body Lotion – Gift Pack	H8920109
	Dove Deep Moisture Nourishing Body Wash with NutrimMoisture	10079PP23S
	Eucerin Plus Intensive Repair Hand Crème with Dry Skin Therapy	90125515
	Aveeno Active Naturals Daily Moisturizing Lotion	1129LK
	Vaseline Sheer Infusion Vitamin Burst Body Lotion	08149UM42
	Palmer’s Cocoa Butter Formula Concentrated Cream	N9215A
	Jergens Ultra Healing Extra Dry Skin Moisturizer	Y225106ZZA
	Ponds Dry Skin Cream	08289HU87
	Dollar General Guarantee Skin Rescue Moisture Lock Lotion	C9A129
	Noxzema The Original Deep Cleansing Cream with Eucalyptus Oil	Rubbed out
	Suave Powder Fresh Body Lotion	10289JU41
	Celine Dion Sensational Shimmering Body Lotion	92251
	Scentsations by Body Source Cherry Blossom Body Lotion	M9290AL18
	Walgreens Advanced Care (Fragrance Free)	0401609
	Curel Continuous Comfort Original Formula Moisturizer	X140106ZZA
	Lubriderm Daily Moisture Lotion, Normal to Dry Skin, Fragrance Free	0118C
	Nivea Soft Refreshingly Soft Moisturizing Crème	73729160		100
	Bath, Body, etc… Organic Soothing Aloe Vera Body Lotion	29473		260
	J.R. Watkins Natural Apothecary Hand & Body Lotion	0374579
	Jergens Original Scent Cherry-Almond Moisturizer	W106125ZZ		110
	Palmer’s Cocoa Butter Formula with Vitamin E Skin Therapy Oil	Rubbed out
	St. Ives Hydrating Vitamin E Advanced Body Moisturizer	09327021103
	Vaseline for Men Hand Lotion	05279HU09
	Corn Huskers Heavy Duty Oil-Free Hand Treatment Lotion	2969G
	Malibu Hemp Moisturizer Body Lotion for Dry Skin	5434
	Keri Original Dry Skin Lotion	23654901
	Avon Haiku Perfumed Skin Softener	MK091
	Avon Jet Femme Body Lotion	MLP81
	Avon Candid Perfumed Skin Softener	MAN91
	Avon Moisture Therapy Intensive Extra Strength Cream	MIV91
Fragrance	Dove Go Fresh Body Mist	090495U49
	Jovan Island Gardenia Cologne Spray	9218		14,000
	Love’s Baby Soft Cologne Spray	0906D48
	A Little Sexy Body Spray by Parfums de Coeur	09324
	Axe Instinct Body Spray	03119KK09
	Curve Crush Body Mist	9JA02
	Bodycology Sweet Petals Body Mist	S9J27AK
	Cotton Candy Body Spray Prince Matchabelli	09267
	Degree Classic Romance Body Mist	4068
	Hannah Montana Cologne Spray	3169Y
	Wanna Play Body Spray Parfums de Coeur	09294		3,800
	Chantilly – Walmart Gift Pack	090723A		7,300
	Tabu – Walmart Gift Pack	090721A		6,200
	Heaven Sent – Walmart Gift Pack	090622B		1,300
	Navy – Walmart Gift Pack	090722C		40,000
	English Leather – Walmart Gift Pack	090721A		3,900
	British Sterling – Walmart Gift Pack	090526A		480
	Canoe – Walmart Gift Pack	0907248		2,000
	English Leather Black – Walmart Gift Pack	0907916
	Johnson’s Baby Cologne	1919COB128135
	Barbasol After Shave Pacific Rush	60161
	Aqua Velva Classic Ice Blue	R09K174		760
	Tattooed by Inky	Not visible
	BOD Really Ripped Abs	8TZ60		6,200
	i Carly	168961B
Baby Cream and Lotion	Johnson’s Baby Lotion	2519T
	Dollar General Sleepy Time Baby Lotion	8KF1025
	Baby Avalon Organics Protective A,D & E Ointment	6H01
	Huggies Naturally Refreshing (Green Tea & Cucumber) Lotion	CU6287282
	Baby Magic Gentle Baby Lotion	9237
	Burt’s Bees Baby Bee Buttermilk Lotion	0850801
	Aveeno Baby Soothing Relief Moisture Cream	0209D
	Parent’s Choice Baby Lotion	0034311
	Johnson’s Bedtime Lotion	1759G
	Johnson’s Head-to-Toe Fragrance Free Baby Lotion	0049LK
	Johnson’s Shea and Cocoa Butter Baby Cream	0069VB
	Susan Brown’s Baby Sensitive Baby Lotion-to-powder	10577A
	California Baby Calming Everyday Lotion	CB9303A2
Deodorant	Brut 24-Hour Protection deodorant	11029TR53		22
	Tom’s of Maine Natural Care Lavender Deodorant Stick	LD1370
	Old Spice High Endurance Deodorant	9307TN
	Axe Fresh Action Essence Deodorant	08129UR16
	Degree Men Deodorant Silver Ion Intense Sport	11209UR39	2.9
	Speed Stick Ocean Surf Deodorant	9270502
	Personal Care Clear Stick Deodorant	08123A
	Kiss My Face Active Enzyme Lavender Deodorant	KO73008B
	Dove Powder Invisible Solid	09229UR86
	Secret Powder Fresh	9068TN		34
Hair Products	Biosilk Rock Hard Gelee Firm Hold	C8200
	Garnier Fructis Style Body Boost Volumizing Gel	48F6030
	TRESemmé No Frizz Shine Spray	09308TA20SDSIL2506		22
	Suave Professionals Styling Foam Extra Hold	11129KK61		52
	Rave 4X Mega Unscented Hair Spray	11199HU63		16
	White Rain Unscented Extra Hold Hair Spray	287CP3475403SDSIL15001		61
	Short Sexy Hair Quick Change Shaping Balm	09219
	American Crew Forming Cream	F952CIOC		50
	Dep Sport Endurance Styling Gel	R2029932A2		6.8
	TRESemme Tres Two Extra Hold Hair Spray	09313AA1416		37
	John Frieda Collection Frizz-Ease Mousse	Y223DK17DDT2Q
	Aussi Catch the Wave Mousse & Conditioner	92755398F
	Catwalk Extra Strong Mousse	233748783122142		23
	Johnson’s No More Tangles Detangling Spray	0489VA
	Manic Panic Amplified Semi-Permanent Hair Color Cream	10922
	Color Fiend Blood Red Temporary Comb-In Color	RN0709
	Color Fiend Pink Pop Water Based Semi-Permanent Hair Color	Not visible
Shampoo	Johnson’s Baby Shampoo	2118T
	Suave Kids 2 in 1 Shampoo Smoothers Cowabunga Coconut	081491J18
	Ave Dual 2 in 1 Shampoo + Conditioner	01139TJ27		17
	Pantene Pro-v Moisture Renewal Hydration Quotidienne Shampoo	93005401E1
	Aveeno Baby Essential Moisture Shampoo	0099VA
	Big Sexy Hair Big Volume Shampoo	09205150		210
	Garnier Fructis Fortifying Shampoo Color Shield	EF036
	Dove Intense Damage Therapy Shampoo	08299JU39
	VO5 Normal Balancing Shampoo	09316020758		440
	Suave Professionals Sleek Shampoo	07109JU41
	Finesse Self Adjusting Moisturizing Shampoo	9234M
	Herbal Essences Hello Hydration Moisturizing Shampoo	93145395LF
	TRESemmé Smooth and Silky Touchable Softness	09231C1130
	Advance Techniques Color Reviving Shampoo	MK191		82
	Avon High School Musical Raspberry Roarin’ 2-in-1 Shampoo	MKW91
Body Wash	Caress Daily Silk Silkening Body Wash	10159UR022010
	Equate Tropical Fresh Body Wash with Exfoliating Pomegranate Seed	A50298-9328C1
	Caress Tahitian Renewal Silkening Body Wash	08069TJ37
	Olay Body Ultra Moisture with Shea Butter Body Wash	92595395WA
	Suave Naturals Cucumber Melon Rejuvenating Body Wash	11109J038
	Suave Men Body Wash Active Sport	09169CU05		10
	White Rain All Day Moisturizing Body Wash	093203
	Dove Sensitive Skin Beauty Body Wash	03049PP05
	Natural Concepts Sensitive Skin Body Wash	A48292926583		340
	Dial Clean and Soft Moisturizing Body Wash	Q89M0310806091102
	St. Ives Renewing Collagen Elastin Moisturizing Body Wash	09345181020141
	Natural Concepts Natural Blends Body Wash Violet & Pea	A40128-8353C1
	Avon Naturals Strawberry & Guava Shower Gel	Rubbed out
	Avon Bubble Bath Bain-mousse Vanilla Cream for Dry Skin	MLK91
	High School Musical Strawberry Sudsin’ Body Wash	MLC91
Nipple Cream	Lansinoh HPA Lanolin for Breastfeeding Mothers	39982
	Gerber Breast Therapy Moisturizing Balm	BK07A02UU
Children’s Makeup	Kiss Me 2 Gift Pack Blush – Markwins
	Kiss Me 2 Gift Pack Eye Shadow – Markwins	1090075
	Hard Candy in the Shadows Eye Shadow Collection	9260
	Claire’s Cosmetics Eye Shadow	11/09
	Claire’s Cosmetics Eye Glitter	DR911333
Diaper Cream	Butt Butter Organics Herbal Diaper Rash Treatment	31823
	Burts Bees Baby Bee Diaper Ointment	1070801
	Baby’s Bliss Diaper Cream	1386		130
	Lavera Baby & Kinder Neutral	2897
	Weleda Baby Calendula Baby Cream	902212
Wet Wipes	Pull-ups Flushable Moist Wipes	MK929202A
	Equate Flushable Wipes All Purpose	09295D209651416
	Pure’n Gentle Fragrance Free Wipes	09272C230400512
	Huggies Soft Skin Baby Wipes	MK914804A
	My Fair Baby Baby Wipes	38091679169
Infant Soap, Shampoo, Body Wash	Johnson’s Head to Toe Baby Wash	Rubbed out
	Body Sense Baby Wash with Shea & Cocoa butter	OU28781
	My Fair Baby Baby Wash with Camomile	608015001/A2		60
	Burts Bees Baby Bees Shampoo and Wash	2280801
	Avon Bubble Bath Bain-mousse for Kids	MKY91
	Aubrey Organics – Natural Baby & Kids Bath Soap	11249
Baby Oil	Johnson’s Baby Oil	2339G
	Equate Delicate Baby Oil	0031646
	Burt’s Bees Baby Bee Apricot Baby Oil	0460801
Face & Body Paint	Claire’s Cosmetics Body Glitter	07/09
	Claire’s Cosmetics Vanilla Glitter Body Mist	0929301		390
	Alex Face Paint Studio – Face Paint	9012LP
	Snazaroo Face Painting Kit	T190803
Glitter Gel	Hard Candy Glitteratzi Eye Glitter Gel	9301
	Claire’s Club Scented Body Glitter	4926		167
	Alex Face Paint Studio – Pink Glitter Gel	9B2351
Baby Powder	Johnson’s Baby Powder	2528RA
	Body Sense Baby Powder	9DG0797
	Burt’s Bees Baby Bee Dusting Powder	Not visible

[Source ⁸⁵⁾]